Isolation-by-distance and outbreeding depression are sufficient to drive parapatric speciation in the absence of environmental influences.

A commonly held view in evolutionary biology is that speciation (the emergence of genetically distinct and reproductively incompatible subpopulations) is driven by external environmental constraints, such as localized barriers to dispersal or habitat-based variation in selection pressures.We have developed a spatially explicit model of a biological

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Establishment of an Efficient and Rapid Regeneration System for a Rare Shrubby Desert Legume Eremosparton songoricum

Eremosparton songoricum (Litv.) Vass.is a rare and extremely drought-tolerant legume shrub that is distributed in Central Asia.E.songoricum naturally grows on bare sand and can tolerate multiple extreme environmental conditions.It is a valuable and important plant resource for desertification prevention and environmental protection, as well as a go

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